第三次封国！英国首相发表8分钟全国讲话：人们必须再次待在家里，病毒变种正以令人震惊的方式传播！（附视频&演讲稿）
英语演讲视频，第一时间观看
新年伊始，面对新冠变异病毒肆虐下的汹涌疫情，英国再度加强国内封锁措施，英格兰地区自疫情暴发以来第三度“封城”。
根据英国时间1月4日下午新出的数据，英国新冠总确诊人数为2,713,563，单日新增确诊人数为58,784人，单日新增死亡人数为407人。
当地时间4日，英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊发表8分钟全国讲话，并宣布，从1月5日起至2月中旬，英格兰全境将接受类似去年3月份的初次封锁，绝大部分学校与大学关闭、转为线上授课。除就医、购买食品、锻炼以及无法在家完成的工作外，居民被要求待在家中。
约翰逊说，人们必须再次待在家里，因为新的病毒变种正在以一种令人沮丧和令人震惊的方式传播。他在电视讲话中说：“就在我今晚对你们讲话的时候，我们的医院承受着来自疫情的压力，比疫情开始以来的任何时候都要大。”
从5日开始，除了骨干工人的孩子和弱势学生外，中小学和大学将关闭进行线上学习。大学生至少要到2月中旬才会回来。
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Since the pandemic began last year, the whole United Kingdom has been engaged in a great national effort to fight Covid.
And there is no doubt that in fighting the old variant of the virus, our collective efforts were working and would have continued to work.
But we now have a new variant of the virus. It has been both frustrating and alarming to see the speed with which the new variant is spreading.
Our scientists have confirmed this new variant is between 50 and 70 per cent more transmissible – that means you are much, much more likely to catch the virus and to pass it on.
As I speak to you tonight, our hospitals are under more pressure from Covid than at any time since the start of the pandemic.
In England alone, the number of Covid patients in hospitals has increased by nearly a third in the last week, to almost 27,000.
That number is 40 per cent higher than the first peak in April.
On 29 December, more than 80,000 people tested positive for Covid across the UK – a new record.
The number of deaths is up by 20 per cent over the last week and will sadly rise further. My thoughts are with all those who have lost loved ones.
With most of the country already under extreme measures, it is clear that we need to do more, together, to bring this new variant under control while our vaccines are rolled out.
In England, we must therefore go into a national lockdown which is tough enough to contain this variant.
That means the Government is once again instructing you to stay at home.
You may only leave home for limited reasons permitted in law, such as to shop for essentials, to work if you absolutely cannot work from home, to exercise, to seek medical assistance such as getting a Covid test, or to escape domestic abuse.
The full details on what you can and can’t do will be available at gov.uk/coronavirus.
If you are clinically extremely vulnerable, we are advising you to begin shielding again and you will shortly receive a letter about what this means for you.
And because we now have to do everything we possibly can to stop the spread of the disease, primary schools, secondary schools and colleges across England must move to remote provision from tomorrow, except for vulnerable children and the children of key workers.
Everyone will still be able to access early years settings such as nurseries.
We recognise that this will mean it is not possible or fair for all exams to go ahead this summer as normal. The Education Secretary will work with Ofqual to put in place alternative arrangements.
We will provide extra support to ensure that pupils entitled to free school meals will continue to receive them while schools are closed, and we’ll distribute more devices to support remote education.
I completely understand the inconvenience and distress this late change will cause millions of parents and pupils up and down the country.
Parents whose children were in school today may reasonably ask why we did not take this decision sooner.
The answer is simply that we have been doing everything in our power to keep schools open, because we know how important each day in education is to children’s life chances.
And I want to stress that the problem is not that schools are unsafe for children – children are still very unlikely to be severely affected by even the new variant of Covid.
The problem is that schools may nonetheless act as vectors for transmission, causing the virus to spread between households.
Today the United Kingdom’s Chief Medical Officers have advised that the country should move to alert level 5, meaning that if action is not taken NHS capacity may be overwhelmed within 21 days.
Of course, there is one huge difference compared to last year.
We are now rolling out the biggest vaccination programme in our history.
So far, we in the UK have vaccinated more people than the rest of Europe combined.
With the arrival today of the UK’s own Oxford Astra Zeneca vaccine, the pace of vaccination is accelerating.
I can share with you tonight the NHS’s realistic expectations for the vaccination programme in the coming weeks.
By the middle of February, if things go well and with a fair wind in our sails, we expect to have offered the first vaccine dose to everyone in the four top priority groups identified by the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation.
That means vaccinating all residents in a care home for older adults and their carers, everyone over the age of 70, all frontline health and social care workers, and everyone who is clinically extremely vulnerable.
If we succeed in vaccinating all those groups, we will have removed huge numbers of people from the path of the virus.
And of course, that will eventually enable us to lift many of the restrictions we have endured for so long.
I must stress that even if we achieve this goal, there remains a time lag of two to three weeks from getting a jab to receiving immunity.
And there will be a further time lag before the pressure on the NHS is lifted.
So we should remain cautious about the timetable ahead.
But if our understanding of the virus doesn’t change dramatically once again…
If the rollout of the vaccine programme continues to be successful…
If deaths start to fall as the vaccine takes effect…
And, critically, if everyone plays their part by following the rules…
Then I hope we can steadily move out of lockdown, reopening schools after the February half term and starting, cautiously, to move regions down the tiers.
I want to say to everyone right across the United Kingdom that I know how tough this is, I know how frustrated you are, I know that you have had more than enough of government guidance about defeating this virus.
But now more than ever, we must pull together.
You should follow the new rules from now, and they will become law in the early hours of Wednesday morning. Parliament will meet – largely remotely – later that day.
I know that the devolved administrations in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland share my conviction this is a pivotal moment and they’re taking similar steps.
The weeks ahead will be the hardest yet but I really do believe that we are entering the last phase of the struggle.
Because with every jab that goes into our arms, we are tilting the odds against Covid and in favour of the British people.
And, thanks to the miracle of science, not only is the end in sight and we know exactly how we will get there.
But for now, I am afraid, you must once again stay at home, protect the NHS and save lives.
Thank you all very much.
截至周一，英国医院共有26626名新冠肺炎患者，比一周前增加了30%以上。这比去年春天第一波疫情时的最高水平高出40%。
自这种新的病毒变种被发现以来，英国每天都有超过5万例新感染病例。周一，他们报告了407例与病毒相关的死亡病例，使确认的死亡总数达到75431人，是欧洲死亡人数最多的国家之一。
英国的首席医疗官警告说，如果不采取进一步的行动，在接下来的21天里，英国国家医疗服务体系将面临不堪重负的重大风险。
几个小时前，苏格兰领导人尼古拉·斯特金也对那里实施了封锁，从周二到1月底实施了大致类似的限制。
斯特金在爱丁堡表示：“我比去年3月以来的任何时候都更担心我们现在面临的形势。”
宣布这一消息的当天，英国卫生当局开始在全国范围内投入牛津-阿斯利康疫苗，这让人们燃起了希望，即人们的生活可能会在未来开始恢复正常。
约翰逊说：“未来几周将是最艰难的几周，但我真的相信我们正在进入斗争的最后阶段。”
英国已经获得了1亿剂牛津-阿斯利康疫苗的使用权，这种疫苗比一些竞争对手更便宜、更容易使用。特别是，它不需要辉瑞疫苗所需的超低温储存。
官员们说，本周晚些时候，包括当地医生办公室在内的数百个新的疫苗接种点将开放，加入已经投入运营的700多个疫苗接种点的行列。
约翰逊说，现在正在进行大规模的提升行动。他说，目标是到2月中旬，在最优先的群体中，约1300万人：护理院居民、所有70岁以上的人、前线卫生和社会工作者以及那些被认为极易受到临床伤害的人将接种疫苗。
周一早些时候，82岁的透析患者布莱恩·平克在牛津大学医院接受了第一针牛津-阿斯利康疫苗。
平克在英国国家医疗服务体系发布的一份声明中说：“今天的护士、医生和工作人员都很出色，我现在真的可以期待今年晚些时候和我的妻子雪莉一起庆祝我的48周年结婚纪念日了。”
但英国疫苗接种计划的方方面面引发了争议。这两种疫苗都需要两针，辉瑞公司建议第二针在第一针后21天内接种。但是英国疫苗和免疫联合委员会说，当局应该给尽可能多的人接种第一剂疫苗，而不是留出疫苗来确保其他人接种两剂，并将两剂疫苗之间的时间从21天延长到12周内。
该委员会表示，虽然需要两剂疫苗才能完全预防新冠肺炎，但两种疫苗在第一剂疫苗后都提供了高水平的保护。它说，优先接种第一剂疫苗将在短期内最大限度地提高疫苗接种计划的效益。
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